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This problem is actually very confusing, because the various factors are intertwined, in fact, there are several different problems in the middle:
Why is the side of the cooling tower curved?
Why is this surface hyperbolic?
Why is the opening above small?
The following is an analysis of the extent of the factors and other reasons:
The first cooling towers were available in a variety of shapes, such as straight and octagonal cylinders.
And after Iterson invented the hyperboloid tower in 1915, this configuration quickly became popular in thermal power stations, so why is this change? The answer is scale, with the appearance of large fire/nuclear power plants with this naturally vented hyperboloid cooling tower.
This is a relationship chain: 1 power station installed capacity - 2 need to build a larger cooling tower - 3 cooling capacity is directly affected by the area and height, so the cooling tower is higher and larger - 4 tall cylinder The structure is very unstable, even if it is costly to build - 5 need to use economic means to build a large cooling tower - 6 hyperbolic tower is the most economical
1 and 2 need not be explained. Process 3 requires a formula that the cooling capacity (per unit area pumping force) is only related to the height of the cooling tower and the difference in gas density between the inside and the outside. Therefore, the cooling tower is made higher and higher, and nowadays it is usually Above 100 meters, the new towers are more than 160 meters and even many towers over 200 meters.
This caused the problem of 4, regardless of the concrete or steel structure, the 200-meter-high straight wall is very unstable, so that it must be thickened or a large amount of steel bars to withstand the wind resistance and deformation, resulting in a tower like Like skyscrapers, the cost is unacceptable.
Therefore, in 5, we have to find an economical means to reduce the cost of the cooling tower, that is, the shell-like curved structure, that is, the curvature can produce strength.
This is because the Gaussian curvature of the surface is non-zero. It can be inferred from the "Theorema Egregium" proposed by the great mathematician Gauss: you can bend a surface at will, as long as you do not stretch, compress or tear it, the Gaussian curvature must be Will not change. Visible: The way you take pizza is probably wrong.
In other words, for a structure with a Gaussian curvature other than zero, the Gaussian curvature will change only if it is torn or exceeds the material's ability to withstand, so the structural strength and deformation resistance of the surface are very strong.
So we have to build the cooling tower into a curved shape. It should be noted here that cylindrical and conical structures have a Gaussian curvature of 0, which means that they can be rolled into a cylinder or a cone with a plane, so the strength is not as good as other surfaces.
All of the thin-shell curved structures are characterized by high strength and material saving, as well as cooling towers of other shapes and materials. The exploration of the structure is endless.
At present, a typical large cooling tower is about 150m high and the bottom diameter is about 150m, that is, its bottom can accommodate a football field. However, its thickness is very thin, only 20cm in the ultra-thin. If the cooling tower is scaled down to the diameter of the egg shell, it is thinner than the egg shell, only 1/5 of the thickness of the egg shell.
Jiangsu Jincheng Air Conditioning Engineering Co., Ltd. focuses on:
Industrial air conditioners, chemical fiber industrial air conditioners, chemical fiber industry refrigeration, textile industry air conditioners, clean room refrigeration, ventilation ducts, cooling towers, refrigeration machines and other air conditioning units and accessories.
If you want to know more about the product, please contact: Mr. Song 13705113637 Website: http://www.pc20080808.cn/
